A global icon in a minority language: Basque translations of Anne Frank’s 'The Diary of a Young Girl'
This article analyzes Basque translations of Anne Frank’s The Diary of a Young Girl from the perspective of their circulation within the Basque cultural system. Since very little Dutch literature has been translated into Basque, polysystems theory and the sociology of translation are used to examine the impact of these translations on the reception and interpretation of Anne Frank. Two translations were identified: a partial translation from 1962 by Mari Karmen Garmendia and Rudolf de Rijk, and a complete version by Josu Zabaleta dated 2004/2014. The analysis of the translation process examines the agency of translators, paratexts, and the use of intermediary languages. It is concluded that Anne Frank has been internalized in Basque culture more as a global icon than as a symbol of Dutch literature. Additionally, differences between the two translations can be considered a reflection of the professionalization and autonomization that have taken place in the field of Basque literature.
